Tham khảo Malacca_thuộc_Bồ_Đào_Nha

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Ricklefs, M.C. (1991). A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1300, 2nd Edition. London: MacMillan. tr. 23. ISBN 0-333-57689-6. 
  2. 1 2 Mohd Fawzi bin Mohd Basri; Mohd Fo'ad bin Sakdan; Azami bin Man (2002). Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah Sejarah Tingkatan 1. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. tr. 95. ISBN 983-62-7410-3. 
  3. 1 2 Ricklefs, M.C. (1991). A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1300, 2nd Edition. London: Macmillan. tr. 23–24. ISBN 0-333-57689-6. 
  4. ↑ Kenneth Warren Chase (2003). Firearms: a global history to 1700 . Cambridge University Press. tr. 142. ISBN 0-521-82274-2. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 12 năm 2011. The Portuguese spent several years trying to establish formal relations with China, but Melaka had been part of the Chinese tributary system, and the Chinese had found out about the Portuguese attack, making them suspicious. The embassy was formally rejected in 1521.  Bảo trì CS1: Văn bản dư (link)
  5. ↑ Nigel Cameron (1976). Barbarians and mandarins: thirteen centuries of Western travelers in China. Volume 681 of A phoenix book . University of Chicago Press. tr. 143. ISBN 0-226-09229-1. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 7 năm 2011. envoy, had most effectively poured out his tale of woe, of deprivation at the hands of the Portuguese in Malacca; and he had backed up the tale with others concerning the reprehensible Portuguese methods in the Moluccas, making the case (quite truthfully) that European trading visits were no more than the prelude to annexation of territory. With the tiny sea power at this time available to the Chinese 
  6. ↑ Zhidong Hao (2011). Macau History and Society . Hong Kong University Press. tr. 11. ISBN 988-8028-54-5. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 12 năm 2011. Pires came as an ambassador to Beijing to negotiate trade terms and settlements with China. He did make it to Beijing, but the mission failed because first, while Pires was in Beijing, the dethroned Sultan of Malacca also sent an envoy to Beijing to complain to the emperor about the Portuguese attack and conquest of Malacca. Malacca was part of China's suzerainty when the Portuguese took it. The Chinese were apparently not happy with what the Portuguese did there.  Bảo trì CS1: Văn bản dư (link)
  7. ↑ Ahmad Ibrahim; Sharon Siddique; Yasmin Hussain biên tập (1985). Readings on Islam in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. tr. 11. ISBN 9971-988-08-9. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 7 năm 2011. in China was far from friendly; this, it seems, had something to do with the complaint which the ruler of Malacca, conquered by the Portuguese in 1511, had lodged with the Chinese emperor, his suzerain. 
  8. ↑ John Horace Parry (1 tháng 6 năm 1981). The discovery of the sea. University of California Press. tr. 238. ISBN 0-520-04237-9. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 12 năm 2011. In 1511... Alboquerque himself sailed... to attack Malacca... The Sultan of Malacca fled down the coast, to establish himself in the marshes of Johore, whence he sent petitions for redress to his remote suzerain, the Chinese Emperor. These petitions later caused the Portuguese, in their efforts to gain admission to trade at Canton, a great deal of trouble 
  9. ↑ John Horace Parry (1 tháng 6 năm 1981). The discovery of the sea. University of California Press. tr. 239. ISBN 0-520-04237-9. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 12 năm 2011. When the Portuguese tried to penetrate, in their own ships, to Canton itself, their reception by the Chinese authorities—understandably, in view of their reputation at Malacca—was unwelcoming, and several decades elapsed before they secured a tolerated toehold at Macao. 
  10. ↑ Ernest S. Dodge (1976). Islands and Empires: Western Impact on the Pacific and East Asia. Volume 7 of Europe and the World in Age of Expansion. U of Minnesota Press. tr. 226. ISBN 0-8166-0853-9. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 7 năm 2011. The inexusable behavior of the Portuguese, combined with the ill-chosen language of the letters which Pires presented to the celestial emperor, supplemented by a warning from the Malay sultan of Bintan, persuaded the Chinese that Pires was indeed up to no good 
  11. ↑ Kenneth Scott Latourette (1964). The Chinese, their history and culture, Volumes 1–2 . Macmillan. tr. 235. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 7 năm 2011. The Moslem ruler of Malacca, whom they had dispossessed, complained of them to the Chinese authorities. A Portuguese envoy, Pires, who reached Peking in 1520 was treated as a spy, was conveyed by imperial order to Canton 
  12. ↑ Wills, John E., Jr. (1998). "Relations with Maritime Europe, 1514–1662," in The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 2, 333–375. Edited by Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank, and Albert Feuerwerker. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24333-5, 343-344.